Earlier this week, Apple introduced iTunes Plus, a new format for music now available from its popular online music store. What’s the big deal?
The original audio from CDs is uncompressed and would take up a lot of space on computer hard disks and iPods. To solve this problem, iTunes compresses the audio by looking for sounds that aren’t heard very well by the human ear and throwing them out. This results in music files that take up considerably less space on disk but sacrifice some audio quality. Apple tries to maximize the quality by using a format called AAC (slightly higher quality than the popular MP3 format) and using a moderate level of compression (what is called 128 kilobits per second). For many non-audiophiles listening through standard iPod headphones, it is hard to tell the difference between 128 kbps AAC audio and the original CD. As digital audio has become more popular, these files are now being played through higher quality headphones and stereo systems where the subtle differences in quality are more evident.
One other aspect of traditional iTunes files is that they have a form of copy protection called Digital Rights Management (or DRM). This is a system designed to prevent you from illegally “sharing” this music with others who have not purchased it. As will all copy protection, the same features that help prevent unauthorized use can also inconvenience honest people. iTunes is reasonable generous: it lets you copy the music onto 5 computers at a time and an unlimited number of iPods. However, non-iPod music players (like your cell phone) do not recognize Apple’s version of DRM and cannot play this music. Nor can iPod competitors like the Creative Zen or Microsoft Zune. DRMs have largely been promoted by music companies and, in particular, the unpopular Recording Industry Association of America.
One might think that Apple would be a supporter of this kind of DRM since, once you have purchased music with Apple’s DRM, it can only be played on Apple devices. It turns out that this is not the stance Apple is taking. This is in part because of pressure on Apple from some European countries to make their music more interchangeable, but also likely because DRM can frustrate users and lead to fewer digital music purchases.
iTunes Plus addresses both the quality and the DRM issue. This format uses AAC at 256 kbps, which improves quality by using less compression. As a result, the files are bigger but should sound better. These files are also DRM-free. It’s still illegal to give the music to others, but you can freely copy it to as many of your computers, phones, and mp3 without restriction. There is no technical limitation to doing what you want with the music.
If you buy singles, the price for iTunes $1.29, 30 cents more than the lower-quality, DRM protected tracks. Albums are the same price. Right now, only EMI’s music is available in the plus format, but others will soon follow. In my mind, it’s a no-brainer. The higher quality may or may not be noticeable on your audio system, but the freedom from dealing with the hassle of DRM is most certainly worth it. It will ensure that your music will play on whatever hardware you choose in the future.